Abbas bin Firnas Arte digitale da Mkazmi

Abbas Ibn Firnas (810–887 A.D.), also known as Abbas Abu Al-Qasim Ibn Fiirnas (Arabic: عباس بن فرناس‎), was a Muslim Berber-Andalusian polymath:[1][2] an inventor, physician, engineer, Andalusian musician, and Arabic-language poet.[2] Of Berber descent, he was born in Izn-Rand Onda, Al-Andalus (today's Ronda, Spain), lived in the Emirate of Córdoba, and is reputed to have attempted flight.[3][4]
Abbas Ibn Firnas designed a water clock called Al-Maqata, devised a means of manufacturing colorless glass, invented various glass planispheres, made corrective lenses ("reading stones"), devised a chain of rings that could be used to simulate the motions of the planets and stars, and developed a process for cutting rock crystal that allowed Spain to cease exporting quartz to Egypt to be cut.[3][4]

In his house, he built a room in which spectators witnessed stars, clouds, thunder, and lightning, which were produced by mechanisms located in his basement laboratory. He also devised "some sort of metronome."

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