Giorgio De Chirico

Italian artist Giorgio de Chirico is best known for his enigmatic paintings of the 1910s and '20s, and for his influence on the Surrealist movement. Giorgio de Chirico was born to Italian parents in Volos, Greece, on July 10, 1888. In his art, he sought to evoke the hidden meanings behind everyday life, and his enigmatic scenes of empty cities, menacing statues, mysterious shadows and strange combinations of everyday objects inspired the artists of the Surrealist movement in the 1910s. His important "metaphysical" works from these years include "The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon," "The Soothsayer's Recompense" and "The Mystery and Melancholy of a Street." After a long career, de Chirico died in Rome, Italy, on November 19, 1978. As a young artist, de Chirico was inspired by the European Symbolist artists and their use of dream-like imagery. His earliest signature works combined a Symbolist sensibility with his love of the classical antiquities of Greece and Italy and his philosophical musings on the true nature of reality. In paintings such as "Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon" (1910), de Chirico depicted dramatically lit city piazzas inhabited only by one or two figures, a statue or mysterious shadows. In 1911, de Chirico traveled to Paris, France, where his brother, Andrea (also known as Alberto Savinio), was living. There, he exhibited his work and met a number of influential avant-garde artists and writers, including Pablo Picasso and Constantin Brancusi.

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