Carl Andre, a pioneering Minimalist sculptor, passed away at 88. His death was confirmed by his long-term New York gallery, Paula Cooper Gallery. Andre's career spanned nearly seven decades, during which he produced over two thousand sculptures and as many poems, focusing on unaltered industrial materials and a unique approach to language. His minimalist approach involved simplifying sculptures to basic industrial forms, avoiding emotional evocation.
Andre's work, characterized by its hard, steely, and severe nature, differed from other Minimalists like Donald Judd and Dan Flavin. His sculptures often featured objects arranged in strict patterns, like the firebrick "Equivalent" series, and were displayed unconventionally on the floor. Despite his acclaim, Andre's life was marred by controversy, particularly the trial and acquittal for the 1985 death of his partner, artist Ana Mendieta, which continued to spark debate and protests against his exhibitions.
His minimalist sculptures, especially the "Elements" series, "Plains," and "Squares," became Minimalism hallmarks. Despite the controversy, Andre's work continued to be exhibited worldwide, including a 2014 retrospective organized by the Dia Art Foundation. Andre described his work as "close to zero," reflecting his commitment to non-representational art focused on ideas rather than visuals.
Andre's personal life and background were as unique as his art. Growing up in Massachusetts with a "feral" childhood, he briefly attended Kenyon College and served in the US Army. His art career began in earnest in New York, where he was influenced by artist Frank Stella. Public reception of his work was mixed, with some controversies over his artworks' purchases by public institutions.
Andre's personal life took a tragic turn with the death of Mendieta, which overshadowed his career. Although acquitted of murder charges, the incident remained a focal point of contention in discussions of his work. In his later years, Andre's exhibitions continued to garner attention, and he remained a significant figure in the art world until his death. He is survived by his wife, artist Melissa L. Kretschmer, and his sister, Carol.
Jean Dubreil